Rehabilitación oncológica en cardiotoxicidad: rompiendo paradigmas en la atención al sobreviviente de cáncer

Autores/as

  • Maria Fernanda Vásquez Rojas Médica, Especialista en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Fellow en formación de Rehabilitación Oncológica. Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9480-6395
  • Yudi Milena Rodríguez Mojica Médica, Especialista en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada. Especialista en Rehabilitación Oncológica. Hospital Central de la Policía, Bogotá, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5947-9157
  • Miguel Mauricio Moreno Capacho Médico, Especialista en Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Especialista en Rehabilitación Oncológica. Coordinador Grupo Área Soporte Oncológico, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1045-237X
  • Gustavo Alejandro Palomino Ariza Médico, Especialista en Medicina Interna, Especialista en Cardiología. Hospital Militar Central, Bogotá, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9953-5659

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28957/rcmfr.v31n1a7

Palabras clave:

Cáncer, factores de riesgo, sobreviviente, enfermedad cardiovascular, cardiototoxicidad

Resumen

Con avances progresivos en la detección y el tratamiento del cáncer, la supervivencia ha mejorado drásticamente en las últimas décadas. El cáncer y las enfermedades cardiovasculares son las principales causas de muerte en los países de ingresos altos. Se pueden encontrar complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes con cáncer como resultado de la denominada ‘cardiototoxicidad’. Existe una serie de tratamientos contra el cáncer que se han asociado con diversos grados de lesión cardiovascular, los cuales pueden mostrar consecuencias cardiovasculares hasta años después de la finalización del tratamiento del cáncer. El desarrollo de disfunción cardíaca relacionada con el tratamiento del cáncer tiene un alto riesgo de morbilidad y mortalidad. La detección temprana de los factores de riesgo parece fundamental para prevenir enfermedades cardiovasculares a largo plazo. En esta revisión se analizaron los factores de riesgo de la terapia sistémica y la radioterapia como generadores de cardiototoxicidad.

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Cómo citar

1.
Vásquez Rojas MF, Rodríguez Mojica YM, Moreno Capacho MM, Palomino Ariza GA. Rehabilitación oncológica en cardiotoxicidad: rompiendo paradigmas en la atención al sobreviviente de cáncer. Rev. Colomb. Med. Fis. Rehabil. [Internet]. 20 de septiembre de 2021 [citado 28 de marzo de 2024];31(1):58-72. Disponible en: https://revistacmfrorg.biteca.online/index.php/rcmfr/article/view/310

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Publicado

2021-09-20

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Revisión sistemática